اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزا دانه و علوفه ژنوتیپ های تریتیکاله

This research was carried out as a split – split experiment in complete randomized block design with three replications under low potential area of Agriculture and Natural Resource Research and Education of Khouzestan in 2015-15 cropping season. The main plot was consisted of four planting dates (PD) including 11.1, 11.16, 12.1 and 12.16, the sub plot was consisted of six triticale genotypes (Gen.) including five selected lines from CIMMYT material with Sanabad as the check, and sub – sub plot were consisted of dual purpose (DP). Results showed that except days fron emergence to heading, the effect of PD was significant for all traits and grain yield and all traits reduced in response to PD delaying. Genotypes difference were significant days from sowing to heading and physiological maturity, plant height, spike length, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, thouzand grain weight, grain weight per spike and spike per m2. The effect of DP was significant for was significant. Interaction effect of PD×Gen. was significant for days from emergence to ripening, plant height and and spike lenght. Grain yield was 3830 and 4043 Kg.ha-1 in the first and second years respectively. Mean grain yield were evaluated 3164, 2925, 2905 and 2752 Kg.ha-1 in the first, second, third and forth PD respectively. In iteraction effect of PD×Gen. the grain yield of Sanabad cultivar was 2927, 3375, 2874 and 2835 Kg.ha-1 in the first, second, third and forth PD respectively. In iteraction effect of PD×Gen. the highest grain yield in the first second, third and forth PD were belonged to Line 3 with 3119 Kg.ha-1, Sanabad cultivar with 3375 Kg.ha-1, Lines 2 and 3 with 3045 Kg.ha-1 and Line 3 with 2956 Kg.ha-1 respectively. The highest grain yield in non- dual purpose treatment was belonged to Line3 with 3734 Kg.ha-1. Grain yield of Sanabad cultivar was 3543 Kg.ha-1 in mentioned treatment. در Under dual purpose treatment the highest grain yield was obtained from Sanabad cultivar with 2462 Kg.ha-1 and the yield of Lines 3 and 4 were 2421 and 2432 Kg.ha-1 espectively. The varasion of grain yield and other traits of the genotypes which were studied in this research in response to PD could be referd to environment change partculary temperature variasion. Generally and according to the results of this research, early to late November is recommended as the optimal planting date for grain yield and dual purpose of triticale genotypes under Khuozestan environment condition. According to the response of Lines 2, 3 and 4, these Lines are recommended to evaluate under on farm experiment.Key words: Triticale, Ear emergence, Biological yield, Harvest index