The systematics study of fig ecotypes using morphological characters in Iran

The genus Ficus L. is one of the most important species of the Moraceae family, with 830 species in the world. Taxa belonging to this genus are shrub or tree-like and occasionally climbing or crawling, monoecious or dioecious, and lime-rich. The leaves are simple, evergreen, or alternating, or rarely, full-to-large, up to lobed toes with a variety of shapes and sizes. This genus in Iran has three spontaneous taxa including Ficus carica L., F. johannis Boiss, and F. carica subsp. rupestris Hausskn. It should be. Fig can be considered as one of the functional food groups and it is important in the field of medicine, including the treatment of wounds and injuries and accelerating their healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology of 26 populations of taxa belonging to Ficus genus in Iran by Neighbour-joining analysis using Paup software. For this purpose, 24 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits were selected and quantitative traits were studied using binoculars and a chessboard. In order to analyse the quantitative and qualitative traits and to determine the relationship between the variables, the taxonomic variation was used by computer software NTSYS (version 2.02e) with Dice similarity coefficient and UPGMA clustering. According to the results of this research, the Dendrogram consists of three main branches of morphological traits that include five groups of populations in different regions. The results of this study showed that taxa belonging to the Ficus genus in Iran are highly morphologically close, and the relationship between reproductive and gene flow is very high.

کلیدواژه ها:

Berry family ، Fig ، Iran ، Morphology ، Taxonomy