The effect of different hormones combination and activated carbon on micropropagation of garlic plant (Allium Sativum)

In order to determine the best hormone treatment for producing callus through tissue culture in garlic plant (Allium Sativum), an experiment was conducted in different levels of IAA, Kin and 2,4-D hormones in normal MS and MS medium with activated carbon, on a factorial experiment in the base of complete randomized design with four repetitions (figure 2). Firstly, the garlic’s embryo meristem cells are sterilized in a 70 degree alcohol for 30 seconds and 1.5% sodium hypo chloride solution for 15 minutes and then are cultured in a basic MS medium at a culture tube. After one month, the explants were collected from root and shoot tip and leaf and cultured in simple MS and MS medium with activated carbon with IAA(1mg/l) + 2, 4.D (1mg/1) and IAA (1.5mg/1) + 2, 4.D (1mg/1) + Kin (1mg/1) and Kin (5mg/1) + 2,4.D (1.5mg/1). Results from normal MS growth culture suggested that percentage of callus formation in explant of root and shoot tip shows the highest rates in IAA(1mg/1) 2, 4-D(1mg/1) hormone treatment including 67.75% and 98.5% in shoot tip and root, respectively. Results of MS medium with activated carbon culture showed that percentage of callus formation in explant of root shows the highest rates in Kin (5mg/1) 2, 4-D (1.5mg/1) hormone treatment which is 91.75%. The biggest size of callus (2.2 cm2) is observed in explant of root in activated carbon and IAA (1.5mg/1) + 2, 4.D (1mg/1) + Kin (1mg/1). For shoot tip explant, the biggest size (1.4 cm2) is observed in simple MS medium and IAA (1mg/1) + 2, 4.D (1mg/1) hormone treatment. The highest volume of callus formed from the root tip explant is observed in IAA (1mg/I) + 2.4-D (1mg/I) in MS medium without activated carbon (2.125 cc). The highest wet weight of callus is related to the root tip explant in IAA (1mg/I) + 2.4-D (1mg/I) and MS medium without activated carbon (1.17 gr). The highest dry weight of callus is related to the shoot tip explant in IAA (1mg/I) + 2.4-D (1mg/I) hormone treatment and MS medium with activated carbon.

کلیدواژه ها:

Garlic ، Callus ، MS medium ، Activated Carbon ، Hormone