Preparation and Characterization of a Rivastigmine Ionic Liquid Formulation for Intranasal Delivery in the Treatment of Alzheimer Disease

Rivastigmine ionic liquid was prepared with tartaric acid at a ۱:۱ molar ratio. Initial characterization included visual assessment at room temperature and evaluation of the physical state by optical microscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H۱-NMR) were subsequently performed to confirm ionic liquid formation. The loading capacity of the ionic liquid for rivastigmine and its dissolution profile were also evaluated. The rivastigmine–tartaric acid ionic liquid was then administered intranasally. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed using the Novel Object Recognition (ORT) test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels were subsequently measured in mouse brain tissue to evaluate the effect of the rivastigmine ionic liquid. Rivastigmine release from the ionic liquid showed a slower dissolution profile than that of the pure drug powder, a characteristic that may favor nasal absorption. Given the limited surface area of the nasal cavity, the selected rivastigmine–tartaric acid ۱:۱ formulation produced favorable outcomes in the animal study. Mice treated with the ionic liquid exhibited improved memory performance in the ORT test and lower MDA and AChE levels than the Alzheimer disease model group.

کلیدواژه ها:

Rivastigmine ، tartaric acid ، ionic liquid ، Alzheimer disease ، targeted drug delivery ، acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ، coformer