Investigating the Role of Pharmacogenomics in Personalized Drug Therapy

Pharmacogenomics, a cornerstone of precision medicine, investigates how genetic variability influences individual responses to drug therapy. Interindividual differences in genes encoding drug‐metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and drug targets significantly affect drug efficacy, optimal dosage, and the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Conventional “one‐size‐fits‐all” therapeutic strategies often fail to account for these genetic differences, leading to suboptimal outcomes. This review aims to comprehensively examine the role of pharmacogenomics in personalized drug therapy, focusing on its molecular basis, clinically relevant genes, therapeutic applications across medical specialties, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives. Evidence suggests that integrating pharmacogenomic data into clinical decision‐making can improve therapeutic efficacy, enhance patient safety, and reduce healthcare costs. Despite existing challenges, pharmacogenomics represents a transformative approach toward individualized and safer pharmacotherapy.

کلیدواژه ها:

Pharmacogenomics ، Precision Medicine ، Personalized Drug Therapy ، Genetic Polymorphism ، Drug Safety