Circadian Rhythm Optimization: Enhancing Physiological and Immunological Health for Athletes and the General Population in times of crisis. A review article.

Introduction; Circadian rhythm can directly impact a human's body functions. There are, meanwhile, many disruptions that affect attention to this matter, such as the usage of electronic devices, bad sleeping habits, lack of sufficient regular physical activity, and even an unhealthy diet; however, a healthy lifestyle is not the only factor that can control the circadian rhythm. Being aware, having quality sleep, tracking sleep time, and maintaining a basic routine, especially in times of crisis, may help individuals have a better quality of life. Method: This review article is written to synthesize information about the circadian rhythm, which is disrupted by electronic devices. This narrative review is written based on published peer-reviewed articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, up to September ۸, ۲۰۲۵. Nearly ۵۰ articles were selected, with ۳۰ of them used as the main references and structure. Keywords such as circadian rhythm, athletic performance, sleep quality, and public health were used as the main keywords for the search. Results: Circadian rhythm significantly impacts both physiological and psychological factors, such as sleep quality and overall well-being status. These disruptions, mainly caused by lifestyle changes (for example, increased screen time during the COVID-۱۹ pandemic), can suppress melatonin production and, as a result, lead to issues such as inflammation and impaired immunity. Using wearable devices to monitor sleep quality and exposure to natural sunlight can help regulate circadian rhythms and improve health outcomes. Conclusion; Using wearable tools and artificial intelligence to monitor sleep quality can help individuals and athletes achieve a healthier lifestyle and regulate their circadian rhythm. It is also recommended to reschedule daily activities in order to include sunlight and outdoor time to promote overall health.

کلیدواژه ها:

Circadian Rhythm ، Athletic Performance ، Sleep Quality ، Public Health