Genetic and Epidemiological Factors in Breast Cancer Incidence Among Women with a Family History

Introduction Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. This study aims to investigate the genetic and epidemiological factors contributing to breast cancer in women with a family history of the disease. Specifically, we compare the frequency of breast cancer-related gene mutations (such as BRCA۱ and BRCA۲) in women with and without a family history of breast cancer. Additionally, we examine environmental and lifestyle factors that may influence breast cancer risk in women with a familial predisposition regarding questioner. Material and Method This study involved a cohort of ۵۰۰ women diagnosed with breast cancer, divided into two groups: those with a family history of breast cancer (۲۵۰ women) and those without (۲۵۰ women). The sample included ۰ men and ۵۰۰ women, with a mean age of ۵۲.۳ years. Genetic testing for BRCA۱ and BRCA۲ mutations was conducted, and data on environmental and lifestyle factors were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires. Results Among the women with a family history of breast cancer, ۱۲۵ (۵۰%) tested positive for BRCA۱ mutations, and ۷۵ (۳۰%) tested positive for BRCA۲ mutations. In contrast, among the women without a family history, ۲۵ (۱۰%) tested positive for BRCA۱ mutations, and ۱۵ (۶%) tested positive for BRCA۲ mutations. Analysis of environmental and lifestyle factors indicated that women with a family history who engaged in regular physical activity had a ۲۰% lower incidence of breast cancer, while those with high alcohol consumption had a ۱۵% higher incidence. Conclusion The findings suggest a significantly higher prevalence of BRCA۱ and BRCA۲ mutations in women with a family history of breast cancer compared to those without. Additionally, environmental and lifestyle factors play a crucial role in modulating breast cancer risk among genetically predisposed individuals. These results underscore the importance of genetic screening and lifestyle modifications in managing breast cancer risk in women with a family history of the disease.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast cancer ، BRCA۱ ، BRCA۲ ، genetic mutations ، epidemiology: Co-frist statement: M.CH and Ns.SA