Targeting exosomes as a promising prospectin the diagnosis and therapy of colorectal cancer

One of the primary causes of cancer-related fatalities globallyis colorectal cancer (CRC). The prevalence of this conditionhas been rising in recent years. As a result, CRC has emergedas a serious warning for human health. Colonoscopy is the goldstandard for CRC screening. It is a very delicate treatment, butit is also an intrusive one for the patient, and the validity ofthe processing rests on the skill and expertise of the processor.New techniques for quick diagnosis and quick prognostic monitoringof patients are crucial given these clinical constraints. Acrucial component of the public health strategy to successfullyreduce this disease's mortality is the development of innovativebiomarkers. Exosomes may serve as key sources of biomarkersin CRC, according to recent investigations. Exosomesare nanosized extracellular vesicles that can be extracted fromconditioned cell medium or body fluids like cerebrospinal fluid(CSF), plasma, and urine. They are produced by several celltypes. Exosomes work by delivering their cargo, which includesDNA, messenger RNA, microRNA (miRNA), and proteins, tohost cells, which causes recipient cells to behave differently.Exosomes have been shown to be essential in the etiology of colorectal cancer. By carrying out intercellular signaling, exosomesappear to play significant roles in tumor growth, angiogenesis,and invasion of other tissues; this raises the possibilityof a treatment approach based on lowering the numberof exosomes. Additionally, exosomes are a desirable possibilityfor developing cancer immunotherapy due to their capacity todeliver antigens. Thus, it seems that exosomes could be used asdiagnostic and therapeutic molecules in CRC treatment. In thisreview, we discuss the role s of exosomes and their applicationin CRC pathogenesis

کلیدواژه ها:

Colorectal cancer ، diagnostic ، therapeutic ، exosomes ، microRNAs.