Microbial bioactive compounds and theirrole in the cancer prevention

Background: Search for natural compounds with different biologicalactivity is increasing constantly, with the main focus oncompounds from the metabolism of plants and microorganisms.Microbial metabolites have been the target of numerous innovative innovativebiotechnology researches, carried out for the developmentof new bioactive products with potential anticancer activity.Pectic oligosaccharides (POS) and epsilon-poly-l-lysine (EPL)are two promising microbial bioactive compounds whichhave shown great anticancer, antioxidant, antithrombotic, andanti-inflammatory properties. Pectic oligosaccharides are nondigestibleoligosaccharide that beneficially affects the host andcan be obtained from pectin depolymerization. Epsilon-poly-llysineis also a non-toxic cationic polypeptide consisting of atleast ten lysine subunits with unique bioactive properties. Accordingto the therapeutic effects and low toxicity of POS andE-PL they have wide applications in the food and pharmaceuticalindustries.Materials and Methods: In the present study, we evaluate anti-oxidative and anticancer effects of these two bioactive compoundsobtained from microbial metabolism.Results: The results of this study showed that POS and E-PLare potent bioactive compounds with great antioxidant and anticancerproperties. It seems that POS as a food supplement andE-PL as food preservative can reduce the risk of cancer especiallycolon and breast cancer because of their ability to inhibitangiogenesis by reducing the expression of vascular endothelialgrowth factor and activates cell death signaling cascadesthrough positive regulation of Bax and p۵۳ proteins and negativeregulation of Bcl-۲ proteins.Conclusion: Extensive documentation exists on the diverseapplications of bioactive compounds in food, pharmaceuticals,bioremediation, energy, and chemical sectors. However, thechallenges and constraints encountered in extraction and characterizationprocesses have also been compiled. Despite theneed for further investigation, the potential of bioactive compoundsin light of the Covid-۱۹ pandemic has been evaluated.As technology advances, the potential for bioactive compoundsin various sectors is expected to rise, unlocking new opportunities.Furthermore, replacing chemical compounds with thesenatural compounds in foods can reduce the risk of cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cancer prevention ، Pectic oligosaccharides (POS) ، Epsilon-poly-l-lysine (E-PL) ، Bioactive Compounds