Endometriosis as a Risk Factor on Ovarian Cancer

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers that rank third after cervical and uterine cancer. The majority of ovarian cancer cases occur in peri- and postmenopausal women. The high mortality rate of ovarian cancer is caused by asymptomatic and secret growth of the tumor, and delayed onset of symptoms. Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease in women of reproductive age with a prevalence of around ۱۰%. It is characterized by the presence of extrauterine endometrial-like tissue that causes a chronic inflammatory response. In recent years, studies have indicated an increased risk of ovarian cancer among women with endometriosis. Method: In the current study, keywords including Ovarian Cancer, Risk Factors, and Endometriosis were reviewed from the list of Mesh and other credible websites including PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar and the data was organized. Results: Epidemiological studies have identified ovarian endometriosis has also been associated with increased risk for ovarian cancer. Moreover, microsatellite analysis has demonstrated that loss of heterozygosity on P۱۶ (Ink۴), GALT (Galactose-۱-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase) and P۵۳, as well as on APOA۲ (Apolipoprotein A), a region frequently lost in ovarian cancer, occurs in endometriosis. articles suggested alteration in the expression of interleukin-۱ receptor antagonist IL-۱RA, a key protector against tumorigenic effects of IL-۱, as a possible link between the endometrium, endometriosis, and endometrioid ovarian cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ovarian Cancer ، Risk Factors ، Endometriosis