Worldwide Incidence of Colorectal Cancer and Human Development Index (HDI) and Body Mass Index (BMI): An Ecological Study

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in the world, especially in developing countries. Overweight and obesity are important risk factors of the disease. Methods: The present study was conducted based on the Global Cancer data and Human Development Index (HDI) in ۲۰۱۲. In this population-based study, the population-attributable fraction (PAF) was extracted using the BMI estimates in adults by sex and countries of origin. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation) and analytical analysis (correlation coefficient test) by STATA version ۱۴ software. Statistical significant level was considered at P=۰.۰۵. Results: It was revealed that there is a significant and positive correlation between HDI and incidence rate of BMI-related colorectal cancer in the world (R=۰.۷۷۶, P<۰.۰۰۱).This correlation in Asia (R = ۰.۵۲۵, P<۰.۰۰۰۱), America (R = ۰.۷۸۴, P<۰.۰۰۰۱), and Africa (R = ۸۰۵, P<۰.۰۰۰۱) continents, was also positive and significant. However, this correlation in Europe was not positive and significant (P>۰.۰۵). The results of analysis of variance showed that the highest incidence rate of BMI-related colorectal cancer was related to very high HDI (۱۴.۱ ± ۲.۶) and the lowest one was related to the low HDI (۳.۶ ± ۱.۸) (F = ۱۸.۷, P <۰.۰۰۰۱). Conclusion: Obesity and high BMI increase the risk of some cancers including colorectal cancer. The risk of colorectal cancer in developed and developing countries is increasing. Therefore, it is recommended to modify the modifiable risk factors of this cancer in order to prevent the disease.

کلیدواژه ها:

Colorectal Cancer ، Body Mass Index ، Human Development Index