Comparison of Inhibitory Effects of 17-AAG Nanoparticles and Free 17-AAG on HSP90 Gene Expression in Breast Cancer

Background: HSP90 may be overexpressed in cancer cells which are greatly dependent on Hsp90 function. Geldanamycin derivative 17 allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) inhibits the function and expression of HSP90. 17-AAG has poor water-solubility which is a potential problem for clinical practice. In this study for improving the stability and solubility of molecules in drug delivery systems we used a β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex. Materials and Methods: To assess cytotoxic effects of β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complexes and free 17AAG, colorimetric cell viability (MTT) assays were performed. Cells were treated with equal concentrations of β- cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex and free 17AAG and Hsp90 gene expression levels in the two groups was compared by real-time PCR. Results: MTT assay confirmed that β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex enhanced 17AAG cytotoxicity and drug delivery in T47D breast cancer cells. The level of Hsp90 gene expression in cells treated with β- cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex was lower than that of cells treated with free 17AAG (P=0.001). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complexes are more effective than free 17AAG in down-regulating HSP90 expression due to enhanced β-cyclodextrin-17AAG uptake by cells. Besides, β-Cyclodextrin-17AAG complex has fewer side effects than 17AAG free and has more inhibitory effect on hsp90 expression and function; consequently we can use this complex as a new anticancer compound in breast cancer treatment. Therefore, β-cyclodextrin could be superior carrier for this kind of hydrophobic agent.