Energy Expenditure Of Women During Basic Military Training

Background: Basic military training involves a wide range of physically demanding activities designed to improve physical fitness, endurance, and operational readiness. Female recruits participating in military training are exposed to prolonged periods of physical activity that significantly increase daily energy expenditure. Understanding the patterns of energy expenditure during basic military training is important for optimizing nutritional strategies, preventing excessive fatigue, and supporting physical performance and health among female trainees. Methods: This study was conducted as an integrative review of experimental and observational studies examining energy expenditure among women during basic military training. Relevant literature published between ۲۰۰۵ and ۲۰۲۵ was identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Eligible studies included female military recruits participating in structured basic training programs. Primary outcomes included measurements of total daily energy expenditure, activity‑related energy expenditure, and metabolic demands during training activities. Secondary outcomes included changes in body composition, physical fitness, and indicators of energy balance. Results: The reviewed studies indicate that women undergoing basic military training experience substantially elevated levels of daily energy expenditure due to continuous physical tasks such as marching, running, load carriage, and field exercises. Evidence suggests that total daily energy expenditure during training often exceeds habitual energy needs, which may lead to negative energy balance when dietary intake is insufficient. Studies also reported improvements in aerobic fitness, muscular endurance, and physical performance, although prolonged energy deficits may contribute to fatigue and changes in body composition. Conclusion: Energy expenditure among women during basic military training is considerably high due to the intensive physical demands of training activities. Adequate nutritional intake and careful monitoring of energy balance are essential to support performance, maintain health, and optimize adaptation to training. Future research should focus on precise monitoring of energy expenditure and the development of evidence based nutritional strategies tailored to female military recruits.

کلیدواژه ها:

Energy Expenditure ، Women ، Basic Military Training ، Physical Activity ، Military Fitness