An Overview of Phytoremediation for Pollutant Removal

The rapid development of new technologies, along with a series of environmental issues such as soil, water, and air pollution, has become a significant concern. Soil contamination by heavy metals disrupts the structure and biodiversity of the soil. Phytoremediation is a modern method for cleaning up soil from heavy metals. It involves using plants to accumulate heavy metals in their aerial parts, facilitating the removal of these elements from contaminated soils. This study aims to evaluate the status of heavy metal removal from soil using plants. This study employs a descriptive review methodology, focusing on research regarding phytoremediation using sunflower plants. The sites used for gathering relevant information include www.pubmed.com, www.magiran.com, www.civilica.com, Science Direct, and SID.ir, among others. The data included articles related to the topic and containing the research's keywords. The results indicate that phytoremediation, through the selection of appropriate plant species, is effective for environmental cleanup. Thus, using specific plant species will help efficiently remove heavy metals from the soil. The application of phytoremediation techniques has been limited in our country, mostly restricted to laboratory experiments, and has not been widely adopted as an effective method for removing heavy metals and other pollutants from the environment due to lack of awareness and attention from authorities. It is essential to introduce and substitute plants and employ innovative strategies to effectively and economically advance the expansion and localization of modern phytoremediation, thereby reducing soil health risks and enhancing food security.

کلیدواژه ها:

Water pollution ، Soil pollution ، Phytoremediation ، Heavy metals