Expression alternation and function of small non-coding RNAs in Hodgkin Lymphoma cancer

Abstract Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a distinctive type of hematologic malignancy characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, which are large, atypical lymphoid cells. These cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Recent advancements in molecular biology have significantly contributed to our understanding of the complex roles that small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play in the development and progression of HL. Among these RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have emerged as key regulatory molecules that influence various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and immune responses. Recent studies have demonstrated that alterations in the expression patterns of sncRNAs are closely associated with the pathogenesis of HL, contributing to tumor initiation and progression. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current understanding of sncRNA expression profiles in Hodgkin Lymphoma and to explore their functional implications in the context of tumor biology. We will also examine the potential of these molecules as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, as well as their promise as therapeutic targets in the treatment of HL. The analyses conducted indicate that certain miRNAs and piRNAs can function as tumor suppressors, while others may act as tumor promoters. Changes in the expression of these RNAs not only affect the behavior of cancer cells but may also influence the interactions between the tumor and the immune system. The intricate interplay between sncRNAs and HL underscores the need for further research into their functional roles and mechanisms of action. By enhancing our knowledge of these small RNA molecules, we may uncover new avenues for targeted therapies that could lead to more effective treatments and better prognostic indicators for patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma. In conclusion, by elucidating the multifaceted roles of sncRNAs in this malignancy, we aim to highlight their significance in advancing our understanding of Hodgkin Lymphoma and improving clinical outcomes for patients affected by this disease. The identification of specific miRNA or piRNA signatures could pave the way for novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming how HL is managed. Introduction Hodgkin lymphoma ( HL ) accounts for approximately ۱۰ % of all lymphomas and is characterized by its unique cellular composition , including the diagnostic Hodgkin and Reed - Sternberg ( HRS ) cells . Despite advances in treatment , the molecular mechanisms driving HL remain inadequately understood . Small non- coding RNAs ( sncRNAs ) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression , with significant implications in various cancers , including HL . This review focuses on the expression alteration and functional roles of miRNAs and piRNAs in HL.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hodgkin Lymphoma ، cancer ، RNA ، small non-coding RNAs