The latest clinical trials and therapeutics for lip, oral cavity cancer: A Systematic Review

With over ۳۵۵,۰۰۰ new incident cases annually, mouth and lip cancers (referred to here as “oral cancers”) rank as the ۱۶th most prevalent malignant neoplasm in the world. For the past ۵۰ years, there hasn't been any significant advancement in this subject. Squamous cell carcinomas account for more than ۹۰% of oral cancer cases. The rates for men are currently twice as high as those for women. Age is a risk factor for oral cancer. The most disadvantaged segments of the population have the greatest rates of oral cancer. The main risk factors for oral cavity cancers include alcohol and tobacco use, whereas exposure to sunlight increases the risk of malignancies of the lips. It is now known that human papillomavirus infection has a significant role in the development of malignancies. When early-stage oral cancer patients receive treatment, they have a good prognosis. However, early stage malignancies frequently have no symptoms and resemble benign illnesses. Screening offers a chance for early identification. Tissue biopsy and histological evaluation is used for diagnosis. There are alternative, less intrusive diagnostic procedures that can yield results right away. But it is not currently possible to propose any of the auxiliary tests in place of tissue biopsy. Therefore, the requirements and importance of this topic prompted us to conduct a systematic review to the latest clinical trials and therapeutics for lip, oral cavity cancer. A search on PubMed and Web of science and google scholar databases was performed. The strategy for literature search was represented by (“Clinical trials” OR “Clinical trial”) OR (“Therapeutics”) AND (“Lip Neoplasms” OR “Mouth Neoplasms”). There are different types of therapeutics methods. The treatment of more than ۱۸,۸۱۳ patients has been reviewed in this study. To remove the original tumour in cases of oral cancer, surgery is a popular therapeutic choice. Whether employed as a last resort or as a postoperative treatment for patients with high-risk factors following surgery, radiotherapy is an essential therapeutic technique. Although it can have serious acute and late toxicities. The risk of death was found to be lower with primary treatment that included chemoradiotherapy (CRT) than with radiotherapy alone. A more than ۲۰% increase in overall survival is linked to concurrent chemoradiation as opposed to radiation alone; however, more research is needed to determine how the particular chemotherapy regimen may affect this benefit. Immunotherapy was introduced with the intention of tipping the scales in these immunological interactions such that tumour cells are attacked by the host immune system. Immunotherapy administered before to surgery has its limits. Immunotherapy may play a significant role in a future treatment plan with more research. Numerous clinical trials have been carried out to treat lip and mouth cancer. These research are devoted to the specific goal of minimising side effects and improving patient survival rates by exploring targeted and combination therapeutic options. The tiny sample sizes of the research are mostly to blame for the paucity of available information. Long-term assessments are also necessary to identify the best and most efficient course of treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Lip Neoplasms ، Mouth Neoplasms ، Therapeutics ، Clinical trials ، Clinical trial