Expression alternation and function of small non coding RNAs in cervical cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, highly conserved non-coding molecules containing ۲۱ to ۲۳ nucleotides that negatively modulate gene expression and diverse control processes in tumor cells. They can regulate various cellular activities such as cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, development, and differentiation. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with the initiation and progression of cancer. Then these deregulated miRNAs acting as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes across various cancer types. Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women and remains an important health concern in developing countries, although cervical cancer mortality is decreasing in countries with advanced health care systems. decrease This cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix grow uncontrollably. There are two main types of cervical cancer: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Molecular pathways involved in the malignant transformation of cervical cells have been identified as promising targets for targeted therapeutic interventions. Examining apoptotic pathways seems to be useful in this context Apoptosis is a regulated sequence of cellular events that occurs routinely to maintain homeostatic equilibrium between cell proliferation and cell death. There is two main types of apoptosis pathways: “intrinsic pathways,” and “extrinsic pathways,” . intrinsic pathways are where cell receives a signal for destroying itself from one of its own genes or proteins due to detection of DNA damage; and “extrinsic pathways,” where a cell receives a signal for starting apoptosis from other cells in the organism. Several miRNAs have been implicated in playing roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis Since the development of anticancer drugs targeting apoptosis has been considered, It seems that a more accurate understanding of the pathways that lead to apoptosis can be effective in the targeted production of these drugs. In this review, we have investigated various apoptotic pathways, such as PI۳K/AKT, RAF/MEK/ERK, PTEN and other apoptotic pathways in cervical cancer. Also, we have shown microRNAs that affect each of the components of the apoptotic pathway.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cervical cancer ، apoptosis pathway ، microRNA