Genetics And Epigenetics Of NHL

Genetics and Epigenetics of NHL Title: Examining the c-myc Gene in Burkitt's Lymphoma in Children Introduction Burkitt lymphoma affects people all around the world and is more common among Western populations. It is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents, with approximately ۶۰% of cases occurring in children. The disease was first described in African children by Denis Burkitt in ۱۹۵۸. In children under ۱۸, the incidence of the tumor is approximately ۶-۳ cases per ۱۰۰,۰۰۰ children per year. Burkitt lymphoma is one of the non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas and is also myc-negative. Five to eight percent of lymphomas involve a balanced translocation of disseminated B cells. The translocation of the c-myc gene from chromosome ۸ to chromosome ۱۴ is a characteristic of Burkitt lymphoma, occurring in about ۹۵% of cases, and it is known as a proto-oncogene. Following the chromosomal translocation of the c-myc gene, it increases the proliferation of B lymphocytes. This gene is normally silent, but in translocation t(۸,۱۹) t(۸,۲۲) t(۲,۸) it causes an increase in expression. The mystery of c-myc expression in the germinal center B cells, studies show that c-myc is expressed in a fraction of light B cells depending on the antigen and interaction with T cells, which shows that they are under positive selection. This finding sheds light on the transcriptional programming of normal centro-marginal B cells and the resulting lymphoma. Burkitt's lymphoma cells benefit from both the metabolic effects of c-myc and unrestricted cell cycle progression. What effect does the c-myc gene have on Burkitt's lymphoma in children? Method We searched published articles about the c-myc gene in relation to Burkitt's lymphoma on PubMed using the keywords ("Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic"[Mesh]) AND "Burkitt Lymphoma"[Mesh]. No restrictions were applied, and we obtained the following results. Keywords: non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, c-myc gene, germinal center B cell. Results Chromosomal abnormalities in non-Hodgkin lymphoma include transmission mechanisms that usually occur during the process of somatic recombination in B cells. Errors in the recombination process of V(D)J lead to oncogenesis at the immunoglobulin locus and abnormal gene expression. One example is the t(۸;۱۴) translocation, which causes c-myc activation in Burkitt's lymphoma and rapid cell division. Conclusion According to the results, the c-myc gene plays a significant role in Burkitt's lymphoma in children and is one of the transmission mechanisms responsible for the translocation of chromosome ۸ to chromosome ۱۴.

کلیدواژه ها:

non-Hodgkin lymphoma ، Burkitt lymphoma ، c-myc gene ، germinal center B cell