Targeted therapy of ovary cancer

Despite the remarkable advancements in medicine over the last few years, ovarian cancer continues to pose a global challenge. Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cause of death in women and it is durability depends on the stage of the disease. It is well-documented that ovarian cancer represents a molecularly heterogeneous group of neoplasms that may be effectively treated through a precision medicine approach. This disorder predominantly exhibits no symptoms in the early phases and is identified in the last stages; thus, targeted therapeutic approaches are of paramount significance in ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) are pivotal in neoplastic recurrence. Their elimination could be regarded as an effective therapeutic approach to the relapse in ovarian cancer. The discovery of new biomarkers such as the tumor mutational burden (TMB) and therapeutic strategies, can enhance ovarian cancer treatment. In these targeted therapies, patients receive treatments aimed at specific alterations within tumor cells. This systematic review study was conducted to investigate targeted therapy approaches for ovarian cancer. In this systematic review, the relevant keywords were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The keywords were selected from the MESH database and were combined with OR and AND operators. The terms "ovarian cancer," "targeted therapy," and "biomarker" were employed to locate pertinent articles. From the total of ۱۰۲ articles found, ۷ articles were included in the systematic review. To ensure the inclusion of the most recent information, a time filter was applied, covering the period from December ۲۰۱۸ to February ۲۰۲۳. All review articles were full-text, published in English, and classified as Q۱ and Q۲. The studies indicate that a significant number of patients ultimately succumb to their disease due to poor prognoses associated with recurrence and limited treatment options. As noted, CSCs play a crucial role in tumor recurrence, and their elimination represent an effective therapeutic strategy for addressing relapses in ovarian cancer. Research on biomarkers, such as tumor mutational burden (TMB) and emerging biomarkers, could prove highly beneficial in the management of ovarian cancer. A study conducted by Chalmers et al. reported a median TMB of ۳.۶ mut/Mb in ovarian cancer, although, this figure varies considerably depending on the histological subtype. Ovarian cancer is often identified at an advanced stage, largely due to the lack of a systematic screening approach. Over the years, various biomarkers have been investigated and utilized to evaluate the condition, progression, and treatment effectiveness in this disease, and TMB being one of them. Nonetheless, further studies and clinical trials are essential to develop targeted therapies for ovarian cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ovarian cancer ، Targeted therapy ، Biomarker