Role of small non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: a Meta analysis of small RNAs expression profiling

Lung cancer is considered as one of the most severe forms of cancer due to its high malignant degree, rapid growth, and tendency for early metastasis to other organs. Recent research has shed light on the role of small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), tRNAs, and snoRNAs, in a wide range of physiological processes within the body. The discovery of their potential as diagnostic markers and targets for therapy has brought non-coding RNAs to the forefront of cancer research, emphasizing their importance and impact in advancing our understanding and treatment of this deadly disease. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of published articles collected from databases including PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science, covering the period from ۲۰۱۰ to ۲۰۲۴, focusing on the alteration of expression and function of small non-coding RNAs in lung cancer. Results: Recent findings indicate that small non-coding RNAs significantly contribute to cancer survival, prognosis, and therapeutic response through various mechanisms. These mechanisms include the modulation of gene expression via epigenetic silencing or stimulation, the influence on protein activity, and the alteration of signaling pathways associated with oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In our study, small non-coding RNAs had potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Furthermore, they can effectively differentiate between malignant and benign lesions and distinguish among various subtypes of lung cancer. Conclusion: This study delves into the latest research findings about the dysregulation of small non-coding RNAs in lung cancer, shedding light on their impact on key processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and treatment resistance. The potential of small non- coding RNAs as groundbreaking therapeutic targets in the battle against cancer is highlighted, emphasizing their role in driving the advancement of cutting-edge diagnostic and prognostic techniques. These findings underscore the importance of continuing research efforts in this area to further explore the promising implications of small non-coding RNAs in revolutionizing cancer treatment strategies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Small non-coding RNAs ، Lung cancer ، Diagnosis ، Biomarker ، Targeted Therapy