Expression alterations and function of long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer among the Iranian population

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a significant class of non-coding RNAs involved in regulating gene expression and various cellular processes. Recent studies have highlighted their role in the development and progression of breast cancer (BC). However, there is a paucity of research focusing on the expression and functional roles of lncRNAs in BC within the Iranian population. Objective: The study aimed to review current research involved in the expression alterations and functional implications of lncRNAs among Iranian women with BC, highlighting unique findings and identifying gaps for future research. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on the results of the published data from studies on lncRNAs among the Iranian population, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, IranMedex, and Web of Science. Moreover, the most interesting genes were searched among another populations and were introduced the most significant genes correlated with BC among the Iranian population. Results: The data identified several lncRNAs with altered expression in BC tissues from the Iranian women. The most investigated lncRNAs were down syndrome cell adhesion molecule-antisense RNA۱ (DSCAM-AS۱), zinc finger E-box binding homeobox ۲-antisense RNA۱ (ZEB۲-AS۱), and Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript ۱ (MALAT۱). Among them, DSCAM-AS۱, MALAT۱, and AK۰۵۸۰۰۳, were frequently up-regulated, while Shugoshin-like protein ۱- antisense ۱ (SGO۱-AS۱) and LINC۰۲۳۸۱ were down-regulated. These lncRNAs were found to regulate critical pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion by involving in key signaling pathways such as PI۳K/AKT and EMT, which are crucial in cancer progression and metastasis. Conclusion: The alteration in the expression of lncRNAs in BC among the Iranian population underscores the importance of understanding the unique molecular mechanisms in this population. These findings suggest that lncRNAs hold potential roles as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as targets for tailored therapeutic interventions in BC. More research is needed to elucidate further the specific roles of lncRNAs among the Iranian population and to explore their clinical applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

Long non-coding RNAs ، breast cancer ، expression alteration ، functional role ، Biomarker