Drug delivery in glioblastoma cell lines

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and deadly forms of brain cancer, characterized by rapid growth and a tendency to infiltrate surrounding brain tissue. Despite extensive research efforts over the past several decades, the survival rate for patients diagnosed with GBM has remained disappointingly low, and the prognosis continues to be poor. Current treatment modalities for GBM primarily include surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the effectiveness of chemotherapy is significantly hampered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a selective permeability barrier that protects the brain from potentially harmful substances in the bloodstream while also regulating the passage of essential nutrients. Its structure is characterized by tightly packed endothelial cells that lack the pores found in other blood vessels, making it particularly challenging for chemotherapy agents to penetrate. This restriction limits the accessibility of these agents to the brain, contributing to treatment resistance and recurrence of the tumor. In recent years, innovative approaches have been developed to enhance drug delivery across the BBB. One promising strategy involves the use of nano-sized drug delivery systems, which can facilitate targeted therapy directly to the tumor site. Due to the size and properties of nanoparticles, they are absorbed by cells through endocytosis, and ionization at low pH allows endosomal escape, which allows the cargo to be released into the cytoplasm The microfluidic technique has emerged as a powerful method for producing uniform nanoparticles with specific characteristics that enhance drug encapsulation and delivery efficiency. This technique allows for precise control over particle size and shape, which are critical factors influencing the behavior of nanoparticles in biological systems. The reproducibility and speed of the microfluidic method make it an attractive option for developing advanced drug delivery systems. By overcoming the limitations posed by the BBB, these technologies hold great potential for improving the therapeutic outcomes for patients with GBM, ultimately leading to better survival rates and quality of life.

کلیدواژه ها:

Delivery ، Glioblastoma ، Nanoparticles