Glioblastoma Targeted Therapy

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent type of glioma, constitutes the main neoplasm of the central nervous system in adults, which is a frequent form of high grade glioma (HGG), accounting for ۴۵.۲% of malignant brain and central nervous system tumors. Glioblastoma is considered a rare and highly fatal brain cancer that presents significant obstacles, resistance to therapy, and poor rates of survival for both adult and pediatric patients and also the worst prognosis in clinical oncology, with an average overall survival of ۱۲–۱۵ months. There are several reasons for glioblastoma treatment difficulties, including the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), tumor plasticity, a lack of proper clinical models, and complex tumor environments. Conventional treatment options for GBM have not been able to significantly extend life expectancy or improve the quality of life for patients suffering from this disease. Emerging bioinformatics tools and the dissolving boundaries between different fields have made it easier to find new options and select new treatments using data from more accurate tools, and GBM is not an exception to this trend. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has further clarified glioblastoma classification by comparing tumor cells to normal brain cell states, providing more precise insights into the tumor's glial cell origins. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has revolutionized our understanding of tumor composition variability across patients, which has also shown it could be extremely heterogeneous within a single tumor. Targeted therapy, which is considered the foundation of precision medicine, is a type of cancer treatment that targets molecules that control how cancer cells grow, divide, and spread. Over the last few decades, researchers have explored various targeted approaches for glioblastoma. Researchers have identified the activating oncogenes in glioblastoma progression, and targeting these signaling pathways could be a clever strategy to adapt for a successful and effective therapy. Targeting of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling pathways is one of the avenues of target therapy for GBM; RTKs have been identified as activating oncogenes that promote glioblastoma tumorigenesis; epigenetics, metabolism, and immune-targeted therapies are other avenues for targeted therapy. Targeted therapies are known for their precision and hold significant potential for future clinical studies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Glioblastoma ، Targeted ، Therapy