Water Hyacinth: Ecological Resilience, Opportunities, and Threats in Integrated Management

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stands as a botanical paradox, embodying both opportunities and threats to aquatic ecosystems and human activities. This comprehensive review synthesizes diverse perspectives on water hyacinth, exploring its ecological and economic significance, historical context, management efforts, and future prospects. The ecological adaptability and rapid growth of water hyacinth present opportunities for applications such as nutrient absorption, wastewater treatment, and bioenergy production. Conversely, its unchecked proliferation poses threats to biodiversity, fisheries, and local economies. Historical attempts at water hyacinth management provide valuable insights. Successful cases, like Lake Victoria, underscore the efficacy of integrated approaches involving biological control and community engagement. Failures, exemplified by Laguna de Bay, emphasize the limitations of relying solely on chemical control without addressing underlying ecological issues. Future perspectives incorporate emerging technologies, including remote sensing and biotechnological approaches, offering new avenues for sustainable management. This review concludes by highlighting the delicate balance between opportunities and threats associated with water hyacinth. Navigating this equilibrium requires a nuanced understanding, international collaboration, and ongoing research to refine strategies. As water hyacinth continues to impact aquatic ecosystems and communities, this review serves as a comprehensive guide for stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers striving for a harmonious coexistence with this enigmatic aquatic plant

کلیدواژه ها:

Water Hyacinth ، Invasive Species ، Ecological Impact ، Integrated Management ، Bioenergy Production