Combining TCGA and microarray datafor bladder cancer biomarker discovery

Introduction: About ۵۰۰,۰۰۰ new cases get bladder cancer annuallywhich causes bladder cancer to be the most common malignancyof the urinary system. Since there are several differentialdiagnoses for bladder cancer, it needs to get confirmed bycystoscopy and there are limited options for diagnosis of bladdercancer. We aimed to discover new biomarker candidates topredict the behavior of the tumor according to cancer hallmarksand prediction of the survival of the patients through the years.Methods: First, differentially expressed genes of microarrayand the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data were obtained. Thenthe survival genes of bladder cancer from two different databaseswere gathered. In the next step, shared genes betweenall four databases were found. Then the role of these candidatebiomarkers in cancer hallmarks and their availability in bloodand urine were investigatedResults: ۲۸ shared candidate biomarkers between all fourdatasets were discovered. All of these candidates’ upregulationwere prognostic factors for bladder cancer. Among thesecandidates, Myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and Filamin C(FLNC) were more suitable to be used as urine biomarkers, andJunctional adhesion molecule ۳ (JAM۳) was more suitable tobe used as a blood biomarker. Also, JAM۳ was associated withactivating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation,and evading immune destruction.Conclusion: We have discovered ۲۸ different bladder cancerbiomarker candidates whose upregulation can predict the behaviorof the tumor. Also, the availability of these candidates inblood and urine and their contribution to cancer hallmarks werestudied. Further studies are needed to validate the clinical usageof these ۲۸ candidates especially those with more outstandingproperties.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bladder cancer ، Bioinformatics ، MYLK ، JAM۳