Ideology and Translation: An Investigation of English Translation of Khayyam s Rubáiyát

The current study was designed to identify translation strategies adopted by Fitzgerald in translating metaphors and similes of Khayyam’s Rubáiyát and to investigate whether Khayyam s Rubáiyát has been manipulated by Fitzgerald. To do so, thirty-five quatrains by Khayyam containing either simile or metaphor or both translated by Fitzgerald were found. At last based on Larson’s model, the strategies employed by Fitzgerald in translating the metaphors and similes of Khayyam’s Rubáiyát were detected. Then, Fitzgerald’s translation containing 75 quatrains was compared with Khayyam’s Rubáiyát. According to Zauberga’s manipulation types, the frequency of the cases such as addition, deletion and substitution occurring in the process of translating quatrains from Persian into English by Fitzgerald was quantified. The results showed that he adopted addition, deletion, substitution and omission in translating metaphors and similes of Khayyam’s Rubáiyát and manipulated the original work. As a result, neither did Fitzgerald succeed in transmitting Khayyam’s thoughts nor could he transmit authentic Persian spirit in his Rubáiyát.

کلیدواژه ها:

Khayyam ، manipulation ، metaphor ، simile ، translation strategies