Study of the effect of water stress and manure and chemical fertilizers on quantity and quality of chamomile (Matricariachamomile)

Management of organic and inorganic fertilizers application is veryimportant in their effect on environment and plant yield. In order todetermine the effect of drought stress and different amendments onflower, oil and chamazulene yield and yield components of Matricariachamomilla L., a study was conducted in split plot design with threereplications in research farm at University of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran.Treatment included W1 (non stress), W2 (%75 FC) and W3 (50% FC) asmain plot and three kinds of fertilizers: F1 (non-fertilizer), F2 (chemicalfertilizer), F3 (manure fertilizer) and F4 (compost) as sub plot. Resultsshowed that drought stress decreased quantitative and qualitative yieldof German chamomile. Chemical fertilizers enhanced yield andimproved quality characteristics of plants. The maximum yield and itscomponents, essential oil, chlorophyll, proline, N, P and K elementsabsorption and concentration were obtained from chemical fertilizerusage. In this experiment drought stress increased Essential oilpercentage but the highest of that obtained in W2 with using chemicalfertilizer. Animal manure and compost had more quantity and quality ofyield than control treatment. Generally, drought stress in medium levellead to increase the yield of essential oil; and among amendments,chemical fertilizer had highest effect on yield of essential oil.

کلیدواژه ها:

Compost ، Essential oil ، Fertilizer ، Matricaria chamomilla L. ، Drought