Integrating the Principles of Sustainable Development into the Legal Framework for the Utilization of Wildlife Species: A Case Study of Crocodylus porosus and Comparative Policy Models for Domestic Legislation in Iran

This research investigates the integration of sustainable development principles into the legal frameworks governing the utilization of wildlife species, with a particular emphasis on Crocodylus porosus (saltwater crocodile) as a case study, while proposing comparative policy models to enhance domestic legislation in Iran. The primary objective is to evaluate the institutionalization of international sustainability norms such as those articulated in the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals within national laws to achieve a balance between conservation efforts and economic exploitation, thereby preventing overexploitation and bolstering biodiversity resilience. Employing a mixed-methodological approach, the study encompasses doctrinal legal analysis of Iran's existing wildlife conservation regulations, empirical examination of Crocodylus porosus management practices in countries such as Australia and Indonesia where sustainable harvesting and ranching models have been implemented and comparative policy assessment to identify transferable strategies. Key findings highlight substantial deficiencies in Iran's current legal framework, including inadequate provisions for adaptive management, local community engagement, and monitoring mechanisms, which intensify threats to endangered species amid climate change and habitat degradation. The study concludes that the adoption of hybrid models, such as regulated captive breeding programs and incentive-driven conservation initiatives, could fortify Iran's Environmental Protection Law and Wildlife Conservation Executive Regulations, promoting long-term ecological integrity while securing socio-economic benefits for local communities. Ultimately, this integration not only aligns with global sustainability agendas but also provides a practical blueprint for reforming wildlife utilization policies in developing nations confronting analogous challenges.

کلیدواژه ها:

Sustainable Development ، Crocodylus porosus ، Wildlife Utilization ، Legal Framework ، Comparative Policy ، Iran Legislation