Cold Atmospheric Plasma and the Nervous System

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising tool in biomedicine due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), electric fields, and UV radiation under near-room temperature conditions. While CAP has been extensively studied for applications in oncology, dermatology, and wound healing, its potential interactions with the nervous system remain an emerging and understudied frontier. In this comprehensive review, we systematically summarize current findings on the biophysical effects of CAP on neuronal and glial cells, discuss underlying mechanisms including oxidative stress modulation, ion channel regulation, and neurotrophic factor expression. We explore therapeutic implications for neural regeneration, neuromodulation, and non-invasive brain therapies. Furthermore, we critically address challenges related to safety, dosing standardization, and translational barriers. Finally, we propose evidence-based future research directions in plasma neuroscience and neurotechnology that could advance this field toward clinical applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cold atmospheric plasma ، Neuronal excitability ، Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ، Neuromodulation ، Neural regeneration ، Neuroprotection