A Three-Dimensional Flexible Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries Developed via Controllable Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on Reduced Activated Graphene Oxide Paper

This study reports the design, fabrication, and performance of a flexible, binder-free anode for lithium-ion batteries, featuring vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) synthesized on porous, free-standing reduced activated graphene oxide (r-aGO) paper. The hybrid structure was fabricated using direct-current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (DC-PECVD) to establish a conductive three-dimensional network. Microstructural characterization showed that the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes were densely and uniformly grown on the porous r-aGO layers, which facilitates rapid ion diffusion and provides excellent structural buffering. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated a notable initial discharge capacity of ۱۳۹۰ mAh/g, followed by a stable reversible capacity of ۴۵۱ mAh/g retained after ۱۰۰ cycles at a current density of ۱۵۰ mA/g. Furthermore, the composite anode exhibited high cycling stability and near-unity Coulombic efficiency throughout the testing process. These results suggest that the hierarchical ۳D carbon architecture can effectively accommodate volume expansion and enhance charge-transfer kinetics, rendering the VACNT/r-aGO composite paper a highly promising candidate for flexible energy storage applications.

کلیدواژه ها:

VACNT ، r-aGO ، Anode ، Lithium-ion battery ، Flexible electronics ، PECVD ، ۳D carbon network