Marine Algal Polysaccharides in Bioelectronics: Sustainable Building Blocks for Smart Nano sensors

Marine macroalgae represent a renewable and eco-friendly source of functional biopolymers, particularly polysaccharides such as alginate, agar, and carrageenan. These marine-derived polymers exhibit exceptional physicochemical properties-biodegradability, biocompatibility, thermal and chemical stability, and surface modifiability that make them highly suitable for bioelectronic applications. When functionalized or combined with conductive nanomaterials, algal polysaccharides can serve as sustainable building blocks for the fabrication of next-generation bioelectronic platforms, including smart biosensors, bio interfaces, and environmental monitoring systems. Their unique molecular structures enable tunable electrochemical behavior, enhanced molecular recognition, and improved signal transduction under complex environmental conditions. This review explores recent advancements in the extraction, purification, and functionalization of marine algal polysaccharides for bioelectronic use, with an emphasis on their integration into nanostructured, biocompatible sensor systems. Furthermore, current limitations and future research directions are discussed, highlighting the potential of these marine biomaterials as green alternatives in the development of high-performance, sustainable nano sensors for diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and health technologies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bioelectronics ، Biocompatible nano sensors ، Sustainable biomaterials ، Electroconductive hydrogels ، Environmental biosensing