Applications of Nanoparticles in Military Nutrition: A Narrative Review

Background Military missions involve very high levels of both physiological and intellectual strain. These include exercise, lack of sleep, oxidative conditions, immune activation, or lack of fresh food. Standard military diets may not necessarily work optimally regarding nutrient levels under the mentioned conditions. Recently, very innovative research studies have started focusing on nanoparticle delivery platforms with the intention of developing more effective nutritional levels under high-stress conditions. Objectives The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the results of novel experimental and clinical research about using nanoparticles in nutrition, as it relates to military performance. Methods A narrative review was conducted on original research articles available on PubMed (۲۰۱۸-۲۰۲۴). Research articles assessing the nano-encapsulation and/or delivery of nutrients or bioactive compounds with known physiological, metabolic, or functional effects were considered. Results Various studies have found that lipid nanoparticles and nano-emulsions improve the bioavailability and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of omega-۳ and fat-soluble vitamins. Iron and zinc nano-particles present higher absorption and hematological and antioxidant parameter values than traditional forms and therefore are effective in the prevention of deficiency-related fatigue. The nano-encapsulation of curcumin and polyphenols has been found to offer relief with regards to oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage induced by physical stress, which has numerous applications for long-duration military missions. Moreover, probiotic-containing nano-particles improve immune modulation and survival within the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion Nanoparticles represent a promising element in increasing nutritional delivery, resistance, and performance in extreme conditions, which are of high significance in military activities. More trials and tests in humans are, however, necessary before this component can be applied in military nutrition programs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nanoparticles ، Military Nutrition ، Nano nutrition ، Performance Optimization ، Functional Rations