Postoperative Rehabilitation of Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review

Background: Rotator cuff injuries are common among individuals who engage in overhead activities, leading to significant pain and functional limitations. Surgical repair is often necessary for severe tears, and postoperative rehabilitation is crucial for restoring shoulder function. The goal of the rehabilitation process is to reduce pain, increase range of motion (ROM), and ultimately return patients to their pre-injury activity level. This study discusses the structured rehabilitation steps following rotator cuff repair and emphasizes the importance of individualized protocols based on the patient's condition and surgical findings. Methods: The study presents a comprehensive rehabilitation protocol divided into distinct phases, each designed to address specific recovery goals. These phases include: protection and passive movement (weeks ۰-۶), focusing on minimizing stress on the surgical site while initiating passive ROM exercises; active movement and gentle stretching (weeks ۶-۱۲), introducing active-assisted movements to promote recovery and flexibility; early strengthening (weeks ۱۲-۲۴), which incorporates light resistance exercises to rebuild strength without jeopardizing the repair; and finally, advanced strengthening (weeks ۲۴+), aimed at achieving full functional recovery through progressive resistance exercises tailored to individual capabilities. Results: The rehabilitation protocol indicates that initial passive range of motion is vital for enhancing blood flow and minimizing post-surgical stiffness. Patients typically begin with immobilization for ۴-۶ weeks, followed by a gradual introduction of passive and active movements. This study shows that adherence to these structured phases significantly reduces postoperative stiffness, a common complication. Through careful progression in these stages, patients achieve pain-free movement and effectively regain strength. The protocol also notes that individual factors such as tear size, tissue quality, and patient age influence the recovery timeline and rehabilitation strategies. Conclusion: Postoperative rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair is essential for restoring shoulder function and preventing complications such as stiffness. A phase-based approach with appropriate structure allows for gradual loading of the repaired tissues while facilitating healing. Continuous assessment and communication among healthcare providers ensure that rehabilitation protocols are tailored to the individual needs of the patient, ultimately facilitating a successful return to daily activities and sports.

کلیدواژه ها:

Rotator Cuff Repair ، Postoperative Rehabilitation ، Range of Motion ، Strengthening Exercises ، Shoulder Function ، Physical Therapy Protocols ، Pain Management