Pediatric Meniscal Tears

Background: Meniscus tears in children and adolescents have become increasingly common, especially as young athletes engage in competitive sports at younger ages. Historically, these injuries were rare in the pediatric population, but the rise in sports participation has led to a higher incidence of meniscal injuries among younger athletes. The meniscus, a C-shaped cartilage structure in the knee, plays a crucial role in shock absorption and joint stability. When torn, it can lead to significant pain and functional impairment, necessitating prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent long-term complications. Methods: This study reviews the existing literature on meniscus tears in children from ۲۰۱۱ to ۲۰۲۱, focusing on causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It also synthesizes various findings from studies and clinical guidelines to provide a comprehensive overview of how to manage these injuries in children. This review addresses the mechanisms of injury, particularly in sports activities involving rapid rotational movements or twisting. Additionally, it examines diagnostic methods such as physical examinations, X-rays, and MRIs to confirm meniscus injuries and assess their severity. Results: Analysis shows that children's meniscus tears are often the result of acute trauma during sports activities such as soccer, basketball, football, and gymnastics. Common symptoms typically include knee swelling, pain during movement, a popping sound at the time of injury, and knee joint locking. Diagnosis involves a thorough physical examination and imaging studies to confirm the presence of a tear. Treatment strategies vary based on the type and severity of the tear. Non-surgical options often include rest, ice application, elevation of the knee, and physical therapy aimed at strengthening the knee. Given that children tend to have better blood supply to their menisci compared to adults, some tears may heal without surgical intervention. However, more severe tears may require surgical options such as meniscal repair or debridement. This review emphasizes the importance of preserving meniscal tissue in children to prevent future joint issues, such as osteoarthritis. Conclusion: As a result, meniscus tears in children are increasingly recognized as a significant concern in young athletes, as their prevalence correlates with competitive sports involvement. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for optimal recovery and long-term joint health. Non-surgical treatments are often effective for minor tears. However, surgical intervention may be necessary for more severe cases. Preserving meniscal tissue in children is critical to maintaining knee function and preventing future complications. Ongoing research into best practices for managing these injuries is vital for improving outcomes in pediatric patients.

کلیدواژه ها:

Pediatric meniscal tears ، Knee injuries ، Sports-related injuries ، Diagnosis ، Treatment options ، Meniscus preservation