A case report of methanol poisoning

Introduction :Methanol is a toxic alcohol that is used in solvents and disinfectants and is sometimes found in fake edible alcohols due to problems in the fermentation and distillation stages. Unlike ethanol, methanol is very toxic. The potentially lethal dose of methanol is approximately ۳۰-۲۴۰ mL Patient. The increased toxicity of methanol compared to ethanol is due to its metabolism. Methanol is first metabolized to formaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase. Formaldehyde is then almost completely metabolized to formate (formic acid) by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Formate is highly toxic in the respiratory chain and inhibits cytochrome oxidase, causing cellular hypoxia, tissue necrosis, metabolic acidosis, and optic nerve demyelination. Methanol exposure can produce varying degrees of toxicity and require a wide range of treatments from monitoring Accurate laboratory until anti-toxic treatment and dialysis is required.Purpose:Considering the role of methanol in causing irreparable complications in the patient, the aim of this study was to report a case of methanol poisoning.Patient introduction:The patient is a ۴۴-year-old man with a history of intermittent alcohol consumption who presented with symptoms of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, weakness and diplopia after ۲۰ hours of alcohol consumption. Venous blood gas tests and measurement of serum ethanol and methanol levels are requested. The VBG of the patient was acidos metabolic and the serum level of ethanol was ۵۵ and methanol was ۱۵. According to the care treatment plan for this patient, the vital condition of the patient was fully monitored and it was ensured that the airways were open and the patient was breathing correctly and adequately. Then intravenous sodium bicarbonate to correct metabolic acidosis and ۲۰% intravenous Ethanol and oral folic acid were prescribed to reduce the production of formic acid. Also, in order to remove Methanol from the blood and to restore the patient's vision, ۲ rounds of hemodialysis were performed along with the administration of methylprednisolone and Eprex ۱۰۰۰۰. As a result, after ۴ days, the patient was discharged with good general condition and perfect vision.Discussion and conclusion:Considering the prevalence of artificial alcohol consumption in the society and the delayed adverse effects of Methanol in these alcohols, it is necessary to provide information in order to refer patients to the nearest medical center after the first symptoms and provide them with care training.

کلیدواژه ها:

Poisoning ، Alcohol ، Methanol ، Ethanol