Environmental Geochemical Assessment of Soil and water pollutant Resources in Mighan Arak Desert with Emphasis on Sodium Sulfate Mining and Processing

Mighan Arak Wetland is one of the most important natural habitats, preserving biological balance, wildlife, plant life and attracting tourism. In recent decades, natural and anthropogenic factors have played an important role in reducing wetland water and its environmental pollution. This research is aimed at identifying environmental pollution of water, soil and sediment of Mighan wetland. Samples of water and soil around the wetland were sampled to identify wetland pollutants including water and soil and human activities. 30 samples were collected from different soil and water uses in different soil and chemical variables and in water variables such as anions and cations, pH, electrical conductivity, soluble solids, alkalinity, BOD, COD and heavy metals. Evaluation of different indices such as contamination factor, ecological risk index, enrichment index, geological accumulation index, total contamination index and nematic index showed that the degree of contamination in all different soil and sediment land uses (Mighan wetland, surrounding soil, municipal sewage sludge). Elemental zoning showed an increase in the amount of chromium, copper, nickel, lead, zinc and cadmium in Arak due to the traffic of light and heavy vehicles and the presence of industrial settlements. Evaluation of different dust pollution indices in 5 samples around Mighan wetland also indicates low to medium degree. The traffic of light and heavy vehicles and the deposition of dust in the wetlands play an important role in increasing the elements such as lead, zinc, copper and chromium in the dust of the area. Indicators of water pollution in different land uses indicate low grade. These indicators show that the salt water and wastewater collection of Amlah Co. (due to the use of island water) are only contaminated with lead. It should be explained that the transfer of elements to the wetland is mainly caused by municipal sewage as well as the deposition of atmospheric dust. To reduce and eliminate pollutants in the wetland, research programs should be carried out on municipal wastewater and the control of pollutants from dust, surface water and groundwater, as well as soil of the Mighan Wetland, especially Arak.