Informal Space Production in Iraqi-Iranian Border Region; Baneh County, Kurdistan Province of Iran

Informal cross-border exchanges, expanding informal and illegal construction by formal actors, cross-border commercial tourism and capital accumulation as a result, totally have led to create a positive tendency for housing and construction in Baneh border County. The creation of this huge positive tendency for construction led to urban sprawl in one hand and unplanned construction illegally on the other, in urban and regional scales in this region. So, the planning has been neglected due to the rising demand for housing and high construction speed.The present study aims to present a new typology of informal space production and explore the role of formal management system in informal space production in the border county of Baneh. The study is applied, and descriptive-analytical, in terms of objectives and methodology, respectively. The study has been complemented with field surveys on urban and regional scales. The results show that informal space production in the border county of Baneh can be categorized on three scales: 1- Informal construction of second homes on regional scale; 2- Urban sprawl resulted from informal construction; and 3- the growth of villages surrounding the city. These constructions are made by rich and poor people but they have different role on the constructions. So we analyze the urban and regional constructions doing by rich and poor people. The findings also show that failure to manage on time, failure to provide flexible planning, and the effect of actors on the growth of informal settlement (resulting from high demand for migration and accommodation), have all led to new spatial consequences in producing informal settlement in the border county of Baneh. These important factors require immediate attention by policy makers.

کلیدواژه ها:

Informal Space Production ، Informal Settlements ، Second Home ، Formal Management System & Institutions ، Capital & Poverty ، Rich & Poor Residents ، Border County of Baneh.