Evaluation of phenolic compounds, anthocyanin and antioxidant activity of flower in some wild Amygdalus L. species and hybrid in Iran

The genus Amygdalus L. from (Rosaceae) family with 29 species and 6 hybrids in Iran is distributed mainly in the central, southeastern and eastern parts of Iran. Amygdalus species are rich in minerals and phenolic compounds (flavonoids, flavonols, and anthocyanins) that they are known as natural antioxidants and play an important role in preventing the activity of free radicals. The aim of this study was to investigate phenolic compounds including total phenol, flavonoids, flavonol, total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity using free radical scavenging method 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The collection of flowers from A. arabica, A. lycioides, A. scoparia, andhybrid A* keredjensis was carried out and then after identification, were kept in Central Herbarium of Tehran University (TUH). Quantitative assay of chemical compounds was performed by spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the highest and lowest amounts of phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol compounds respectively in A. lycioides and A. scoparia. The highest and lowest amounts of anthocyanin respectively in A. lycioides and A.scoparia and finally, the highest and lowest percent of free radical scavenging respectively in A.scoparia and A.lycioides. Evidence showed a positive correlation between phenolic compounds, but this trend does not correlate with the amounts of anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. All of species and hybrid were studied contain phenolic compounds and have antioxidant properties. It seems that the use of antioxidant properties of these species in the food and pharmaceutical industry is important as a substitute for synthetic antioxidants

کلیدواژه ها:

Amygdalus ، Antioxidant ، Phenolic compounds ، Anthocyanin