Genetic diversity of barley verities by RAPD markers

The fourteen barley verities were studied by RAPD markers for assessment of their genetic diversity. From 40 used primers, 17 primers established suitable banding patterns. Totally, 435 bands were produced between 564-4157 bp that all bands were polymorphic in varieties. The total mean of markers for each primer was 25.59 and mean of polymorphic markers for each primer and variety were 27.9 and 22.29, respectively. Gara Arapa with 104 and Gorgan with 64 bands had the highest and lowest polymorphic bands, respectively. Primer 7 had the highest polymorphic band (35) and primer 11 had the lowest polymorphic band (13). Polymorphic information content (PIC) for primers was estimated among 0.26 (Primer 2) and 0.48 (Primer 13) with mean 0.34. Marker index (MI) varied among 2.01 to 8.97 in primers 2 and 7, respectively. Nei’s gene variation index was estimated 0.288 for RAPD markers data. These amounts showed partly high diversity among under studied varieties. The genetic distance varied from 0.2509 between Gara Arapa and Dari-Friz 88-A1 to 0.7135 between Goharjo and Dari-Friz 88-A7. The Cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance, classified genotypes to three groups. The first group contains Gorgan, Makui, Goharjo and Dari-Friz88-A1. The second group contains Zarjo, Reihan, Karoon, Gara Arpa, Sahand, Valfajr and Dari-Friz88-A7. The third group consists of Sina, Dari-Friz88-A3 and Dari-Friz88-A5.