Intelligent Leader Follower Systems for Control of Ancillary Services

In the twenty first century, deregulation of the power industry will become a reality and a competitive market will determine the efficient production of electric energy. In the deregulated market, there will be many new power producers and market makers. In addition, if fuel cell technology is established as a viable technology in power generation, then every consumer has the potential to become a power producer. Although, these changes may take many years to become reality for small users, one would expect that the large industrial and commercial users would move to establish their own a -cycles gas technolodies. The impact of pollution on generation using the new established micro turbine and ombinedgmankind and the planet will continue to be a social issue for the next century. To reduce the smog and pollution in the cities, the use of electric vehicles will become a reality with large impact on power usage. As the demand for electric energy grows, more power producers and power marketers will enter the energy market. The need for efficient market monitoring to deal with anti-competitive behavior should be addressed. The solution of this problem will assure the efficient production of electric energy and stable operation of the power network. With implementation of emerging metering technology, the spot price of energy can be send to the customer. The metering system can control various loads at the customer sites. The customer can be offered a number of variable price schedules based on the time of usage. With the customer in the loop of energy usage and reacting to the spot price market, control of the ancillary services will need to be investigated. The first type of result expected in this research is a new understanding of the behavior of future complex electric energy networks when the interacting strategies of multiple and players are considered explicitly. System and market variables observed and monitored by a participant such as an energy provider or an independent system operator would generally change when the participant changes its own input to the system. One component of the change is attributable to the direct effect of the participant's change of input, and this is naturally expected. A second component of the system change is due to the changes in inputs of the other participants, as a reaction to the change in input of the participant. When one does not explicitly consider the presence of the other participants, one may be led to an erroneous onclusion about the estimated change in system variables, as caused by a chanee in a participant's input. The application of game theory to the study of complex electric energy networks automatically focuses on the anticipated reactions by other participants. The second type of expected result is a new insight on the effectiveness of ISO as a market maker to induce the multiple, independent market players in complex electric energy systems, to promote greater system-wide benefits as the players continue to pursue their separate goals. Various market signals will be explored for incorporation into the incentive mechanisms. The ISO as a market maker can provide incentive strategies that expected to benefit both the bulk power market and the ancillary services market. Finally, A MATLAB test bed for concept evaluation will be developed that can be used as research tool for study of market dynamics.

کلیدواژه ها:

Leader-Follower Systems ، Control ، Ancillary Services