Green Supply Chain Management and Circular- Economy Practices in Manufacturing SMEs: A Structured Review of Drivers, Barriers, and Outcomes

Manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face environmental requirements while operating with constrained finance, knowledge, data, managerial attention, and supply-chain influence. This focused and structured review examines how manufacturing SMEs understand and implement green supply chain management (GSCM) and circular-economy practices. The reconciled corpus contains ۳۰ peer-reviewed sources. Twenty-four were reviewed in full, while the remaining six were examined through abstracts. The synthesis distinguishes GSCM's coordination of environmental criteria across supply-chain activities from the circular economy's emphasis on retaining product, component, or material value. It also separates green, green-circular bridge, and loop-closing practices; adoption from implementation depth and continuity; and perceived or associated outcomes from measured and causal effects. Direct manufacturing-SME evidence links buyer and regulatory pressure, management commitment, skills, process and design competence, finance, data, and partner arrangements to implementation conditions. Barriers interact, and practices may stall at intention, piloting, or isolated use rather than reach operational and interorganizational integration. Reported environmental and operational benefits are more common than verified financial returns, while direct evidence on higher-value circular practices remains limited. A proposed context-sensitive framework links drivers, a practice-specific readiness gate, three practice pathways, implementation depth, differentiated outcomes, decision gates, and evidence-qualified feedback. The framework is an organizing synthesis, not a validated causal model.

کلیدواژه ها:

Green Supply Chain Management ، Circular Economy ، Manufacturing SMEs ، Implementation Depth ، Resource Efficiency ، Value Retention