The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Postoperative Outcomes Following Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of vitamin D supplementation on postoperative outcomes following total knee and hip arthroplasty, taking into account its role in musculoskeletal health and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among arthroplasty patients.Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted through April ۲۰۲۶. Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials assessing vitamin D supplementation in patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated methodological quality using the Cochrane RoB-۲ tool. Due to substantial methodological heterogeneity, a qualitative synthesis was performed.Results: Five randomized controlled trials comprising ۵۱۹ patients were included. Higher-dose and oral regimens resulted in greater increases in serum ۲۵(OH)D levels, including higher postoperative concentrations with ۲۰۰۰ IU versus ۸۰۰ IU at ۲۴ months (۴۵.۵ vs. ۳۷.۱ ng/mL) and with oral versus intramuscular administration of ۶۰۰,۰۰۰ IU on postoperative day ۱۴. However, most studies reported no significant between-group differences in functional outcomes, pain scores, complications, or other clinical endpoints. One study demonstrated significantly greater muscle strength in the supplementation group, including hip abductor strength (P = ۰.۰۳) and knee extensor strength (P = ۰.۰۱).Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation appears to improve perioperative vitamin D status, particularly with higher-dose and oral regimens. However, current evidence for consistent benefits on broader postoperative functional and clinical outcomes after joint arthroplasty remains limited and inconclusive. Level of evidence: II

کلیدواژه ها:

Supplementation ، Total hip arthroplasty ، Total knee arthroplasty ، Vitamin D