From date seed to functional bread: zein nanoparticles boost antidiabetic properties in an animal model

Objective (s): This study investigated the antioxidant properties of Rabbi date seed ethanolic extract, evaluated the physicochemical properties of extract-loaded zein nanoparticles, and examined the antidiabetic effects of dry lavash bread enriched with date seed powder (۵%, ۱۰%) or extract-loaded zein nanoparticles (۵%, ۱۰%) on fasting blood glucose in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extract was prepared from date seed powder via ultrasound-assisted extraction and nanoencapsulated within a zein biopolymer matrix using an antisolvent precipitation technique. Fasting blood glucose levels in male rats were monitored and quantified using a standard glucometry assay.Result: This study found that the encapsulation efficiency (EE), mean size, and Zeta potential of the zein nanoparticles loaded with the extract were equal to ۹۵.۴۲%, ۱۸۸.۳۵ nm, and +۱۰.۲۴ mV, respectively. The nanoparticles had semi-spherical morphology. The dietary intervention significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels in both rat models. In normal control rats, the mean level decreased from ۵۸.۸۱ mg/dl to ۳۵.۰۶ mg/dl after ۱۵ days. In diabetic rats, levels rose from a baseline of ۷۰.۴۷ mg/dl to ۲۳۳.۶۷ mg/dl after STZ induction, then declined to ۱۵۹.۶۷ mg/dl following ۱۵ days of treatment with the enriched lavash bread. Conclusion: Dry lavash bread enriched with zein nanoparticles exhibited a greater potential for reducing fasting blood glucose levels in both normal and diabetic rats compared to bread enriched directly with date seed powder.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes Mellitus ، Seeds ، Bread ، Nanoparticles ، Zein