Nanotechnology-Enabled Environmental Optimization of Waste Streams at the Bidboland Gas Refinery in Behbahan Toward Sustainable Industrial Remediation

The rapid expansion of natural gas processing has intensified concerns regarding industrial waste generation, air emissions, and wastewater discharge in large-scale refinery complexes. Among them, the Bidboland Gas Refinery in Behbahan represents a strategically important industrial site whose waste streams require advanced environmental management to reduce ecological burden and improve operational sustainability. Conventional treatment technologies, while effective in certain contexts, often face limitations in treating complex refinery effluents containing hydrocarbons, sulfides, ammonia, suspended solids, and trace contaminants. In this context, nanotechnology offers promising avenues for environmental optimization through high-surface-area adsorbents, nanocatalysts, membrane-based systems, and hybrid advanced oxidation processes. This review examines the principal waste streams associated with gas refining activities, with emphasis on wastewater, gaseous emissions, and solid/sludge residues, and discusses how nanomaterial-based strategies can support cleaner production and sustainable refinery operation. The paper further highlights the role of nanocomposites, magnetic nanoparticles, photocatalysts, and nano-enabled membranes in pollutant removal, resource recovery, and process intensification. Finally, the review outlines a framework for integrating nanotechnology into refinery waste management to enhance environmental performance, reduce treatment costs, and support long-term sustainability in gas processing facilities such as the Bidboland Gas Refinery.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bidboland Gas Refinery ، gas refinery waste ، environmental optimization ، nanotechnology ، wastewater treatment ، industrial pollution