Biomethane vs. Green Hydrogen for Natural Gas Grid Decarbonization: A Technical and Economic Review

This review comparatively evaluates biomethane and green hydrogen as decarbonization pathways for the natural gas grid, drawing on eleven peer-reviewed studies published between ۲۰۲۳ and ۲۰۲۵. Production technology, techno-economic performance, life-cycle greenhouse gas intensity, feedstock availability, and pipeline-material compatibility are synthesized and compared using quantitative data extracted directly from the reviewed literature. The results show that biomethane offers superior near-term technological maturity and infrastructure compatibility, whereas green hydrogen provides a larger long-run resource ceiling and, when produced from low-carbon electricity, a marginally lower life-cycle emissions intensity than conventional anaerobic-digestion biomethane.

کلیدواژه ها:

biomethane ، green hydrogen ، natural gas grid decarbonization ، techno-economic analysis