Soft Magnetic and Biocompatible Materials for Microrobotic Actuation in Targeted Glioblastoma Therapy

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive brain tumors, where treatment is limited by both the blood-brain barrier and sensitive neural tissue. Soft magnetic microrobots have emerged that demonstrate controlled locomotion in cerebrospinal fluid, adaptive deformation, and precise drug delivery. Biocompatible soft materials are reviewed herein, including hydrogels, elastomers, and magnetic composites, while enabling fabrication techniques include two-photon polymerization, template-assisted lithography, micromolding, and biohybrid assembly. Actuation mechanisms and controlled drug-release strategies are examined together with key engineering challenges in navigation, imaging visibility, and neural integration to outline the current progress and future prospects for intracranial glioblastoma therapy.

کلیدواژه ها:

Soft magnetic microrobots ، Glioblastoma therapy ، Magnetic actuation ، Brain-targeted drug delivery ، Blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration