One Health Approach in Controlling Zoonotic Diseases in Industrial Livestock Complexes: A Comprehensive

Background: Livestock production has increased significantly in recent years, and with it comes a growing problem: zoonotic diseases are harder to control than ever. You can't just focus on animals or people alone - you have to look at the environment too. That's where the One Health framework comes in. It demonstrates to make sense of how humans, animals, and their surroundings interact when it comes to disease. We review the studies published between ۲۰۲۰ and ۲۰۲۵ that looked at whether One Health approaches actually work for controlling zoonotic diseases in large-scale industrial livestock operations, as chickens, pigs, and the like. We wanted to know what strategies people are using, what kinds of interventions have been tried, and what results they've seen. We systematically searched academic journals for studies published between ۲۰۲۰ and ۲۰۲۵. Five main themes kept coming up: antimicrobial resistance (AMR), biosecurity measures, disease surveillance systems, influenza and other emerging viruses, and finally, the economics of applying One Health to livestock. Results: The evidence is pretty clear that industrial livestock farms can act like amplifiers for zoonotic diseases. Take AMR, for example - it's a serious problem. Resistant bacteria develop on these intensive farms and then move between animals, people, and even soil or water runoff. On a more positive note, good biosecurity practices - when they're actually part of a One Health plan - do seem to cut down on disease outbreaks. The COVID-۱۹ pandemic and the more recent H۵N۱ panzootics have also been a wake-up call. They exposed some major weak spots in our current systems, but they've also pushed forward new surveillance tools and prevention methods. Conclusions: Overall, One Health has real potential for tackling zoonotic diseases on industrial farms. But let's be honest-putting it into practice isn't easy. Costs are a big barrier. Different agencies don't always work well together. And we still have significant gaps in our knowledge. Going forward, success will depend on better collaboration across sectors, more integrated surveillance, and finding sustainable ways to pay for all of it.

کلیدواژه ها:

One Health ، zoonotic diseases ، industrial livestock ، antimicrobial resistance ، biosecurity ، disease surveillance ، influenza ، food safety ، public health