Protective Effects of Curcumin/Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles on Ketamine-induced Neurotoxicity in the Mouse Hippocampus

Background: Nanotechnology can improve drug delivery by enhancing cell selectivity, release at specific target sites, and improve bioavailability while reducing adverse events and potential treatment costs. Objective: A Cur/MgO NP was synthesized, and its neuroprotective effects were evaluated in a mouse model of KET-induced neurotoxicity. Methods: XRD, FE-SEM, and a particle size analyzer determined the average crystalline and particle sizes. UV-Vis examined absorption patterns, and FT-IR spectroscopy analyzed the functional groups involved in the reaction. The following protocol evaluated the effectiveness of Cur/MgO N.P.s in KET-treated male BALB/c mice. Mice were injected intraperitoneally daily for two weeks. Group ۱ received ۰.۲ mL of normal saline. Group ۲ animals received KET (۲۵ mg/kg). Group ۳ animals received ۴۰ mg/kg Cur and ۲۵ mg/kg KET. Groups ۴-۶ received KET (۲۵ mg/kg) and Cur/MgO N.P.s (۱۰, ۲۰, or ۴۰ mg/kg). Group ۷ received ۵ mg/kg MgO and KET (۲۵ mg/kg). The hippocampal tissue was examined morphologically and analyzed for oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic markers, and mitochondrial quadruple complex enzymes. Results: Cur/MgO NPs and curcumin reduced IL-۱ẞ, TNF-a, Bax and MDA levels and GSSG content and increased GSH and Bcl-۲ levels and several antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, GR, and SOD. Cur/MgO NPs and curcumin also increased mitochondrial quadruple complex enzymes and inhibited histological changes in D. G. and CA۱ hippocampus areas in ketamine-treatment animals. Conclusion: The Cur/MgO NPs were more neuroprotective against the ketamine-induced-histomorphological changes, inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress than curcumin alone.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ketamine ، Curcumin/Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ، Mouse Hippocampus ، Neurodegeneration