Determinants and Predictors of Age at Menopause among Women in Southeastern Iran

Aims: Menopause age is an important indicator that not only indicates the end of a woman's reproductive period but also increases the risk of various middle-aged diseases and complications that can be prevented with timely interventions. This study examined the age of menopause and factors affecting it among Iranian women in southeastern Iran. Instrument & Methods: This population-based study was conducted among ۲,۶۴۹ postmenopausal women aged ۳۵-۷۰ years who participated in the Zahedan Cohort Study, a component of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran, in Zahedan from October ۲۰۱۵ to January ۲۰۱۹. Data were analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and multivariable logistic regression. Findings: The average age at menopause was ۴۹.۰۱±۵.۳۹ years. Among the women, ۸.۵% experienced premature menopause, ۷.۵% early menopause, and ۸۴% normal menopause. Premature menopause was associated with marital status (single: OR=۲.۴۸, ۹۵%CI:۱.۲۳–۵.۱), body mass index (p=۰.۰۳۶), physical activity, depression, diabetes, and history of stillbirth. Early menopause was linked to marital status (p=۰.۰۲۷), infertility (OR=۱.۵۱, ۹۵%CI:۱.۰۹–۲.۱), body mass index, physical activity, depression, and diabetes. Normal menopause was associated with educational status, marital status, physical activity, body mass index, hypertension, and age at menarche (all p<۰.۰۵). Conclusion: Genetic and social factors, including marital status and reproductive history, influence menopausal age, with distinct predictors characterizing premature and early menopause.

کلیدواژه ها:

Menopause ، women ، Cohort Study