Mini overview of transposons and their role in cancer development

Transposons, also known as “jumping genes,” are segments of DNA that can move to different locations in the genome. These genetic elements are divided into two main groups: DNA transposons and RNA transposons. Transposons play an important role in genetic variation and variation in traits, but they can also be involved in pathological processes such as cancer. Research suggests that transposons can contribute to cancer development by altering gene expression patterns, genetic and cellular diversity, and by causing genetic irregularities. In lung, colorectal, and breast cancers, transposons can lead to unstable changes in DNA and chromosomal aberrations that contribute to tumor formation and metastasis. In lung cancer, transposons can contribute to uncontrolled cell growth by causing changes in key genes involved in cell differentiation and cell cycle control. Studies show that transposon activity is associated with disease progression and cancer. There is also evidence in colorectal cancer that transposons play an important role. Breast cancer: In the case of breast cancer, some transposons are associated with an increased risk of developing this type of cancer. Changes in the expression of transposons can help change the characteristics of breast tissue and affect the progression of the disease. Therefore, transposons are not only considered as factors of genetic variation and evolution, but also play an important role in cancer diseases, especially lung, colorectal and breast cancers. More research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of transposons' impact on cancer and their potential as future treatments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Transposons ، Cancer ، Retrotransposons ، Mutations ، Gene Expression